Q&A from the Bais HaVaad Halacha Hotline

Musical Notes

July 17, 2025

Q May I practice guitar during the Three Weeks?

A While it is not explicitly mentioned in the Gemara or Rishonim, the accepted practice among Ashkenazim—based on the Magein Avraham (551:10)—is to refrain from dancing during Bein Hametzarim due to the solemnity of the period. Later poskim (Aruch Hashulchan 493:2, Igros Moshe O.C. 4:21) say that playing musical instruments is included in this minhag.

The minhag only forbids playing instruments for pleasure or recreation, but practicing is permitted: Because it requires concentration and focus, it is viewed as a task rather than an enjoyable activity (Kovetz Halachos 4:11).

Q May I listen to music while exercising?

A Yes, because the purpose is not enjoyment but to maintain rhythm and energy. The same applies to playing music at work: If the work is laborious and made easier by upbeat music, it is allowed (Kovetz Halachos 4:13). Regular office work does not qualify, unless the nature of the work specifically requires it, e.g., if the atmosphere is very stressful. A driver may also play music to ward off drowsiness (ibid. 14).

Q My kids get rowdy during long car trips. May I play music to subdue them?

A Yes, because it is not intended for pleasure or joy but for mood regulation.

Q When attending a Sephardi wedding where music is played, may I, an Ashkenazi, participate in the dancing?

A Though you may attend, you should refrain from dancing, as it would be direct involvement in the musical aspect of the event (Kovetz Halachos 4:8).

Q Is it preferable to shop at a store without background music rather than going to one that has it?

A There is no reason to avoid shopping at a store that plays music, even if you could easily shop elsewhere, as this is a davar she’eino miskavein (unintentional outcome): Your intention is to shop, not to listen to music. Once in the store, you can simply ignore it (Kovetz Halachos 4:16-18).